
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="zh_CN">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" />
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>stat --- Interpreting stat() results &#8212; Python 3.7.3 文档</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pydoctheme.css" type="text/css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
    
    <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/language_data.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/translations.js"></script>
    
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
    
    <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
          title="在 Python 3.7.3 文档 中搜索"
          href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
    <link rel="author" title="关于这些文档" href="../about.html" />
    <link rel="index" title="索引" href="../genindex.html" />
    <link rel="search" title="搜索" href="../search.html" />
    <link rel="copyright" title="版权所有" href="../copyright.html" />
    <link rel="next" title="filecmp --- File and Directory Comparisons" href="filecmp.html" />
    <link rel="prev" title="fileinput --- Iterate over lines from multiple input streams" href="fileinput.html" />
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/stat.html" />
    
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/switchers.js"></script>
    
    
    
    <style>
      @media only screen {
        table.full-width-table {
            width: 100%;
        }
      }
    </style>
 

  </head><body>  
    <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
      <h3>导航</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="总目录"
             accesskey="I">索引</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python 模块索引"
             >模块</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="filecmp.html" title="filecmp --- File and Directory Comparisons"
             accesskey="N">下一页</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="fileinput.html" title="fileinput --- Iterate over lines from multiple input streams"
             accesskey="P">上一页</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>
        <li>
          <span class="language_switcher_placeholder">zh_CN</span>
          <span class="version_switcher_placeholder">3.7.3</span>
          <a href="../index.html">文档</a> &#187;
        </li>

          <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python 标准库</a> &#187;</li>
          <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="filesys.html" accesskey="U">文件和目录访问</a> &#187;</li>
    <li class="right">
        

    <div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search">
        <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
          <input placeholder="快速搜索" type="text" name="q" />
          <input type="submit" value="转向" />
          <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
          <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
        </form>
    </div>
    <script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script>
         |
    </li>

      </ul>
    </div>    

    <div class="document">
      <div class="documentwrapper">
        <div class="bodywrapper">
          <div class="body" role="main">
            
  <div class="section" id="module-stat">
<span id="stat-interpreting-stat-results"></span><h1><a class="reference internal" href="#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat</span></code></a> --- Interpreting <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat()</span></code></a> results<a class="headerlink" href="#module-stat" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<p><strong>Source code:</strong> <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/python/cpython/tree/3.7/Lib/stat.py">Lib/stat.py</a></p>
<hr class="docutils" />
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat</span></code></a> module defines constants and functions for interpreting the
results of <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.stat()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.fstat" title="os.fstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.fstat()</span></code></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.lstat()</span></code></a> (if they
exist).  For complete details about the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat()</span></code>, <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fstat()</span></code> and
<code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">lstat()</span></code> calls, consult the documentation for your system.</p>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">在 3.4 版更改: </span>The stat module is backed by a C implementation.</p>
</div>
<p>The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-stat" title="stat: Utilities for interpreting the results of os.stat(), os.lstat() and os.fstat()."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat</span></code></a> module defines the following functions to test for specific file
types:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISDIR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISDIR</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISDIR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a directory.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISCHR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISCHR</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISCHR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a character special device file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISBLK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISBLK</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISBLK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a block special device file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISREG">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISREG</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISREG" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a regular file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISFIFO">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISFIFO</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISFIFO" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a FIFO (named pipe).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISLNK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISLNK</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISLNK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a symbolic link.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISSOCK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISSOCK</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISSOCK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a socket.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISDOOR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISDOOR</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISDOOR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a door.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.4 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISPORT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISPORT</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISPORT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from an event port.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.4 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_ISWHT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISWHT</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISWHT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return non-zero if the mode is from a whiteout.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.4 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<p>Two additional functions are defined for more general manipulation of the file's
mode:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_IMODE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IMODE</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IMODE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the portion of the file's mode that can be set by
<a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.chmod" title="os.chmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.chmod()</span></code></a>---that is, the file's permission bits, plus the sticky
bit, set-group-id, and set-user-id bits (on systems that support them).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.S_IFMT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFMT</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFMT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Return the portion of the file's mode that describes the file type (used by the
<code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IS*()</span></code> functions above).</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>Normally, you would use the <code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path.is*()</span></code> functions for testing the type
of a file; the functions here are useful when you are doing multiple tests of
the same file and wish to avoid the overhead of the <code class="xref c c-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stat()</span></code> system call
for each test.  These are also useful when checking for information about a file
that isn't handled by <a class="reference internal" href="os.path.html#module-os.path" title="os.path: Operations on pathnames."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.path</span></code></a>, like the tests for block and character
devices.</p>
<p>示例:</p>
<div class="highlight-python3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">os</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nn">sys</span>
<span class="kn">from</span> <span class="nn">stat</span> <span class="k">import</span> <span class="o">*</span>

<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">walktree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">callback</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="sd">&#39;&#39;&#39;recursively descend the directory tree rooted at top,</span>
<span class="sd">       calling the callback function for each regular file&#39;&#39;&#39;</span>

    <span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">f</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">listdir</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">):</span>
        <span class="n">pathname</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">path</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">join</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">top</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">f</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="n">mode</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">os</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">stat</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pathname</span><span class="p">)</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">st_mode</span>
        <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">S_ISDIR</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mode</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="c1"># It&#39;s a directory, recurse into it</span>
            <span class="n">walktree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pathname</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">callback</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">S_ISREG</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">mode</span><span class="p">):</span>
            <span class="c1"># It&#39;s a file, call the callback function</span>
            <span class="n">callback</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">pathname</span><span class="p">)</span>
        <span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
            <span class="c1"># Unknown file type, print a message</span>
            <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;Skipping </span><span class="si">%s</span><span class="s1">&#39;</span> <span class="o">%</span> <span class="n">pathname</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">visitfile</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">file</span><span class="p">):</span>
    <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s1">&#39;visiting&#39;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">file</span><span class="p">)</span>

<span class="k">if</span> <span class="vm">__name__</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s1">&#39;__main__&#39;</span><span class="p">:</span>
    <span class="n">walktree</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">sys</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">argv</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="n">visitfile</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>An additional utility function is provided to convert a file's mode in a human
readable string:</p>
<dl class="function">
<dt id="stat.filemode">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">filemode</code><span class="sig-paren">(</span><em>mode</em><span class="sig-paren">)</span><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.filemode" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Convert a file's mode to a string of the form '-rwxrwxrwx'.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.3 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
<div class="versionchanged">
<p><span class="versionmodified">在 3.4 版更改: </span>The function supports <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFDOOR" title="stat.S_IFDOOR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IFDOOR</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFPORT" title="stat.S_IFPORT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IFPORT</span></code></a> and
<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFWHT" title="stat.S_IFWHT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IFWHT</span></code></a>.</p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<p>All the variables below are simply symbolic indexes into the 10-tuple returned
by <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.stat()</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.fstat" title="os.fstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.fstat()</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.lstat()</span></code></a>.</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_MODE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_MODE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_MODE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Inode protection mode.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_INO">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_INO</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_INO" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Inode number.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_DEV">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_DEV</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_DEV" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Device inode resides on.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_NLINK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_NLINK</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_NLINK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Number of links to the inode.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_UID">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_UID</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_UID" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>User id of the owner.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_GID">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_GID</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_GID" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Group id of the owner.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_SIZE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_SIZE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_SIZE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Size in bytes of a plain file; amount of data waiting on some special files.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_ATIME">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_ATIME</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_ATIME" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Time of last access.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_MTIME">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_MTIME</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_MTIME" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Time of last modification.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.ST_CTIME">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">ST_CTIME</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.ST_CTIME" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The &quot;ctime&quot; as reported by the operating system.  On some systems (like Unix) is
the time of the last metadata change, and, on others (like Windows), is the
creation time (see platform documentation for details).</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>The interpretation of &quot;file size&quot; changes according to the file type.  For plain
files this is the size of the file in bytes.  For FIFOs and sockets under most
flavors of Unix (including Linux in particular), the &quot;size&quot; is the number of
bytes waiting to be read at the time of the call to <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.stat()</span></code></a>,
<a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.fstat" title="os.fstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.fstat()</span></code></a>, or <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.lstat" title="os.lstat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.lstat()</span></code></a>; this can sometimes be useful, especially
for polling one of these special files after a non-blocking open.  The meaning
of the size field for other character and block devices varies more, depending
on the implementation of the underlying system call.</p>
<p>The variables below define the flags used in the <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.ST_MODE" title="stat.ST_MODE"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ST_MODE</span></code></a> field.</p>
<p>Use of the functions above is more portable than use of the first set of flags:</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFSOCK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFSOCK</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFSOCK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Socket.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFLNK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFLNK</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFLNK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Symbolic link.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFREG">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFREG</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFREG" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Regular file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFBLK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFBLK</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFBLK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Block device.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFDIR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFDIR</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFDIR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Directory.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFCHR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFCHR</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFCHR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Character device.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFIFO">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFIFO</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFIFO" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>FIFO.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFDOOR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFDOOR</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFDOOR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Door.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.4 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFPORT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFPORT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFPORT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Event port.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.4 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IFWHT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IFWHT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IFWHT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Whiteout.</p>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.4 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

<div class="admonition note">
<p class="first admonition-title">注解</p>
<p class="last"><a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFDOOR" title="stat.S_IFDOOR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IFDOOR</span></code></a>, <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFPORT" title="stat.S_IFPORT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IFPORT</span></code></a> or <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IFWHT" title="stat.S_IFWHT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IFWHT</span></code></a> are defined as
0 when the platform does not have support for the file types.</p>
</div>
<p>The following flags can also be used in the <em>mode</em> argument of <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.chmod" title="os.chmod"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.chmod()</span></code></a>:</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_ISUID">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISUID</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISUID" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set UID bit.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_ISGID">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISGID</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISGID" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Set-group-ID bit.  This bit has several special uses.  For a directory
it indicates that BSD semantics is to be used for that directory:
files created there inherit their group ID from the directory, not
from the effective group ID of the creating process, and directories
created there will also get the <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_ISGID" title="stat.S_ISGID"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_ISGID</span></code></a> bit set.  For a
file that does not have the group execution bit (<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IXGRP" title="stat.S_IXGRP"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IXGRP</span></code></a>)
set, the set-group-ID bit indicates mandatory file/record locking
(see also <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_ENFMT" title="stat.S_ENFMT"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_ENFMT</span></code></a>).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_ISVTX">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ISVTX</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ISVTX" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Sticky bit.  When this bit is set on a directory it means that a file
in that directory can be renamed or deleted only by the owner of the
file, by the owner of the directory, or by a privileged process.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IRWXU">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IRWXU</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRWXU" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Mask for file owner permissions.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IRUSR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IRUSR</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRUSR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Owner has read permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IWUSR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IWUSR</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWUSR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Owner has write permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IXUSR">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IXUSR</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IXUSR" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Owner has execute permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IRWXG">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IRWXG</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRWXG" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Mask for group permissions.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IRGRP">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IRGRP</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRGRP" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Group has read permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IWGRP">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IWGRP</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWGRP" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Group has write permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IXGRP">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IXGRP</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IXGRP" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Group has execute permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IRWXO">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IRWXO</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IRWXO" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Mask for permissions for others (not in group).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IROTH">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IROTH</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IROTH" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Others have read permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IWOTH">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IWOTH</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWOTH" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Others have write permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IXOTH">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IXOTH</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IXOTH" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Others have execute permission.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_ENFMT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_ENFMT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_ENFMT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>System V file locking enforcement.  This flag is shared with <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_ISGID" title="stat.S_ISGID"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_ISGID</span></code></a>:
file/record locking is enforced on files that do not have the group
execution bit (<a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IXGRP" title="stat.S_IXGRP"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IXGRP</span></code></a>) set.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IREAD">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IREAD</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IREAD" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Unix V7 synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IRUSR" title="stat.S_IRUSR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IRUSR</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IWRITE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IWRITE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IWRITE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Unix V7 synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IWUSR" title="stat.S_IWUSR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IWUSR</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.S_IEXEC">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">S_IEXEC</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.S_IEXEC" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Unix V7 synonym for <a class="reference internal" href="#stat.S_IXUSR" title="stat.S_IXUSR"><code class="xref py py-data docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">S_IXUSR</span></code></a>.</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>The following flags can be used in the <em>flags</em> argument of <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.chflags" title="os.chflags"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.chflags()</span></code></a>:</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_NODUMP">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_NODUMP</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_NODUMP" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Do not dump the file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_IMMUTABLE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_IMMUTABLE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_IMMUTABLE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may not be changed.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_APPEND">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_APPEND</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_APPEND" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may only be appended to.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_OPAQUE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_OPAQUE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_OPAQUE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The directory is opaque when viewed through a union stack.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_NOUNLINK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_NOUNLINK</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_NOUNLINK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may not be renamed or deleted.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_COMPRESSED">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_COMPRESSED</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_COMPRESSED" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file is stored compressed (Mac OS X 10.6+).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.UF_HIDDEN">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">UF_HIDDEN</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.UF_HIDDEN" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file should not be displayed in a GUI (Mac OS X 10.5+).</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.SF_ARCHIVED">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">SF_ARCHIVED</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_ARCHIVED" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may be archived.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.SF_IMMUTABLE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">SF_IMMUTABLE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_IMMUTABLE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may not be changed.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.SF_APPEND">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">SF_APPEND</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_APPEND" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may only be appended to.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.SF_NOUNLINK">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">SF_NOUNLINK</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_NOUNLINK" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file may not be renamed or deleted.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.SF_SNAPSHOT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">SF_SNAPSHOT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.SF_SNAPSHOT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>The file is a snapshot file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<p>See the *BSD or Mac OS systems man page <em class="manpage">chflags(2)</em> for more information.</p>
<p>On Windows, the following file attribute constants are available for use when
testing bits in the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">st_file_attributes</span></code> member returned by <a class="reference internal" href="os.html#os.stat" title="os.stat"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">os.stat()</span></code></a>.
See the <a class="reference external" href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/gg258117.aspx">Windows API documentation</a>
for more detail on the meaning of these constants.</p>
<dl class="data">
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ENCRYPTED" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_INTEGRITY_STREAM">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_INTEGRITY_STREAM</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_INTEGRITY_STREAM" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SCRUB_DATA">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SCRUB_DATA</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SCRUB_DATA" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_OFFLINE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SPARSE_FILE" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_SYSTEM" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_TEMPORARY" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dt id="stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL">
<code class="descclassname">stat.</code><code class="descname">FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL</code><a class="headerlink" href="#stat.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_VIRTUAL" title="永久链接至目标">¶</a></dt>
<dd><div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified">3.5 新版功能.</span></p>
</div>
</dd></dl>

</div>


          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
        <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
  <h4>上一个主题</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="fileinput.html"
                        title="上一章"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">fileinput</span></code> --- Iterate over lines from multiple input streams</a></p>
  <h4>下一个主题</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="filecmp.html"
                        title="下一章"><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">filecmp</span></code> --- File and Directory Comparisons</a></p>
  <div role="note" aria-label="source link">
    <h3>本页</h3>
    <ul class="this-page-menu">
      <li><a href="../bugs.html">提交 Bug</a></li>
      <li>
        <a href="https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/3.7/Doc/library/stat.rst"
            rel="nofollow">显示源代码
        </a>
      </li>
    </ul>
  </div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="clearer"></div>
    </div>  
    <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
      <h3>导航</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="总目录"
             >索引</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python 模块索引"
             >模块</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="filecmp.html" title="filecmp --- File and Directory Comparisons"
             >下一页</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="fileinput.html" title="fileinput --- Iterate over lines from multiple input streams"
             >上一页</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>
        <li>
          <span class="language_switcher_placeholder">zh_CN</span>
          <span class="version_switcher_placeholder">3.7.3</span>
          <a href="../index.html">文档</a> &#187;
        </li>

          <li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >Python 标准库</a> &#187;</li>
          <li class="nav-item nav-item-2"><a href="filesys.html" >文件和目录访问</a> &#187;</li>
    <li class="right">
        

    <div class="inline-search" style="display: none" role="search">
        <form class="inline-search" action="../search.html" method="get">
          <input placeholder="快速搜索" type="text" name="q" />
          <input type="submit" value="转向" />
          <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
          <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
        </form>
    </div>
    <script type="text/javascript">$('.inline-search').show(0);</script>
         |
    </li>

      </ul>
    </div>  
    <div class="footer">
    &copy; <a href="../copyright.html">版权所有</a> 2001-2019, Python Software Foundation.
    <br />
    Python 软件基金会是一个非盈利组织。
    <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">请捐助。</a>
    <br />
    最后更新于 4月 09, 2019.
    <a href="../bugs.html">发现了问题</a>？
    <br />
    使用<a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a>1.8.4 创建。
    </div>

  </body>
</html>